Water is an important resource for the development of human society. In fields such as water conservancy, flood control, and water resources management, water level measurement is a crucial part. The technology has been continuously updated with the development of society, evolving from the simple staff gauge observation in the early days to the diverse measurement technologies today.
Early staff gauge observations were simple, intuitive, and low - cost. However, they required manual reading at regular intervals, could not provide real - time continuous monitoring, and were restricted by the environment. The float - type water level measurement uses a float that rises and falls with the water surface, enabling continuous water level recording with relatively high accuracy. Nevertheless, it is easily affected by water flow and floating objects and requires regular maintenance.
With the progress of technology, non - contact measurement has gradually emerged. Ultrasonic water level measurement calculates the water level by transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves. It is easy to install and not affected by water quality. Unfortunately, its accuracy is poor in foggy and windy weather, and its measurement range is limited. Pressure - type water level measurement is based on the relationship between liquid pressure and depth, suitable for deep - water measurement with good stability. However, it needs to calibrate the pressure, and its accuracy may be affected in special water bodies.
Among many water level measurement devices, the Water Level Monitoring Station has obvious advantages. Its core component is a radar water level gauge, which calculates the water level by transmitting and receiving microwave signals. The propagation of microwaves is not interfered by meteorological conditions and the water surface conditions, ensuring high - precision and reliable measurement.
The Water Level Monitoring Station consists of multiple parts. The sensor, namely the radar water level gauge, is responsible for signal transmission, reception, and data conversion. The data acquisition unit stores and preliminarily processes the data. The communication module uses methods such as GPRS, 4G/5G, and satellite communication to achieve remote data transmission and sharing. The power supply system uses solar panels combined with batteries to ensure stable power supply. The installation bracket and protective facilities ensure the normal installation and operation of the equipment and adapt to various field environments.
It can achieve millimeter - level measurement accuracy, is highly reliable, not afraid of severe weather, water pollution, and floating objects. It has a wide measurement range to meet the needs of different water areas. The non - contact measurement reduces maintenance costs and avoids interference with the water body. The remote monitoring function enables unmanned operation, allowing staff to obtain real - time data.
Precisely because of these, the Water Level Monitoring Station has a wide range of applications. In the monitoring of rivers, lakes, and reservoir dams, it provides data support for water resources management and flood control scheduling. In urban drainage systems, it can promptly detect problems such as water accumulation and blockages. In coastal areas, it helps with ocean tide monitoring and provides key hydrological data for port operations and marine engineering construction.
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