Rice blast is extremely harmful. For hundreds of millions of people whose staple food is rice, the crop failure caused by it is a serious threat leading to hunger.
Rice blast is caused by a fungus and can form lesions on the leaves, stems, peduncles, panicles, seeds and even roots of rice. This disease is one of the most important plant diseases, and the relevant fungus can also cause similar symptoms on other grasses such as crabgrass.
Its symptoms are manifested in all parts of the plant. On the leaves, diamond - shaped lesions are common. On susceptible varieties, the lesions are initially gray - green and water - soaked with a dark - green edge, and then expand rapidly. Old lesions turn light tan - brown with a necrotic border, while on resistant varieties the lesions are smaller. Infection of the collar will cause large - area necrosis at the junction of the leaf and the leaf sheath, which can lead to the death of the leaf and extend to the leaf sheath. Infection of the neck can cause rotten neck or neck blast, with severe damage, resulting in shrunken seeds or the lodging of the panicle. Seed infection will present brown spots, etc., and peduncle infection can also lead to seedlessness.
Traditional methods of monitoring rice blast often have problems of lag and inaccuracy, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of precise prevention and control. The working principle of the Rice blast monitor is to first use a special device to capture spores, separate the spores and attach them to a glass slide, and then conduct statistical analysis of the number, morphology, etc. of the spores through an image acquisition and analysis system.
The Rice blast monitor can conduct real - time monitoring, capturing spores continuously for 24 hours and detecting abnormalities in a timely manner. It can accurately identify, and high - definition imaging ensures accurate judgment of the types of spores. It also has a data transmission and sharing function, facilitating remote viewing and management, and the data can assist research. At the same time, it can comprehensively monitor environmental meteorological indicators and analyze their impact on the occurrence of rice blast.
In practical applications, based on the results of spore monitoring, farmers can conduct scientific prevention and control, reasonably select pesticides, and determine the application time and dosage. It can predict and warn of the risk of rice blast occurrence, allowing farmers to take preventive measures in advance. It also provides data support for researchers to study the epidemic law of rice blast, etc., and promotes the development of prevention and control technologies.
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